Diabetes Type 2
Diabetes Type 2
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a long standing condition that is characterized by defect in the body metabolism of glucose. Glucose is a main sugar which provides energy to the body. In this condition either there’s resistance in the effects of insulin or defect in the production of insulin in proper quantity. Type 2 diabetes is usually known as adult-onset diabetes.
Symptoms
- Thirst increases
- Frequent need to urinate
- Blurred vision
- Nausea, vomiting
- Sores will be slow-healing
- Unintentional weight loss
- Recurrent infections
- Increase appetite
- Darkened skin areas, usually on armpit and neck
Causes
The main cause of the development of diabetes type 2 is the resistance of the body to insulin or defect of pancreas to produce enough insulin. Factors involve in this disease are genetic or environmental factors.
Complications
Complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus are:
- Increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure and narrowing of blood vessels
- Neuropathy
- Nephropathy
- Increase risk of cataract, glaucoma and retinopathy
- Hearing impairment
- Increase risk of alzheimer‘s disease.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of this condition depends upon detailed medical history and complete general physical examination of the patient. Other tests include:
- Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test
- Random blood sugar test
- Fasting blood sugar test
- Oral glucose tolerance test
Treatment
Treatment options include:
- Losing weight can lower blood sugar level.
- Eating less calorie. Fewer carbohydrates and fats
- Doing regular aerobic exercise regularly.
- Medications can be prescribed which include metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones.
- Bariatric surgery
Lifestyle and home remedies
- Keep blood pressure and sugar under control
- Be active and exercise regularly
- Quit smoking
- Limit alcohol consumption