Pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytoma

It is a rare non-malignant tumor of adrenal glands, small glands located just above the kidneys. It usually occur unilaterally but sometimes developed in both the glands

It mostly occurs at first and second decade of life but arise at any age.

Symptoms

Below mentions are the signs and symptoms of pheochromocytomas.

• Heavy sweating
• Tremors
• High blood pressure
• Increase heart rate
• Headache
• Paleness in the face
• Shortness of breath

Causes

Exact cause of pheochromocytoma is not known yet. It arises in cells called chromatin cells, present in the center of gland. They produce hormones called epinephrine and norepinephrine, which help body to control many vital functions.

The role of hormones

Epinephrine and norepinephrine required to perform the functions during fight-or-flight conditions. It increase the blood pressure which is require in the frightening condition and do many more functions which are essential for the body to perform normally.

Complications

Complications occur due to the high blood pressure because the increase blood pressure is very dangerous to many organs like brain, heart and kidneys.

Complications of pheochromocytoma includes:

• Stroke
• Acute kidney failur
• Heart disease
• Problem with ocular nerves

Diagnosis

Tests for the diagnosis includes:

• Blood test
• Urine test
• Ultrasound
• Genetic testing

Treatment

Main option for treatment of pheochromocytoma is the surgery to remove the tumor. For surgery your doctor gives you preoperative medications and precautions which includes:

• High-salt diet
• Alpha-blockers
• Beta -blockers